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Народное хозяйство вопросы инновационного развития - А. С. Алексеев

Current assets in sphere of circulation are: finished products at enterprises' ware­houses, resources in receivables (settlements for products non-paid by buyers), for uniforms given to railway workers under the payment by installments and money re­sources at bank accounts of enterprises. Almost 2/3 of current assets of railways are in the sphere of productions, mainly in production assets.

The basic part of current assets is referred to standardized ones.

All current assets in the sphere of production are standardized as well as the assets invested into finished products and settlements for uniform. Sizes of assets by elements are: goods supplied, money resources, debtors and other current assets are not stan­dardized and they are called non-standardized current assets. Classification of current assets into standardized and non-standardized has great practical meaning. To calcu­late the profitability ratio only standardized current assets are taken into account.

Standardization of own current assets is made by calculation of a standard and norms of current assets by separate items. Standard is a money term of planned de­mands of an enterprise in own capital assets. Norm of capital assets shows the need of capital assets per a production unit, a tenge of expenses, one worker and other in­dices of an enterprise operation. Norms of capital assets are comparatively stable and allow calculating them for a long period.

Standards on following items are estimated at railways: production reserves, spe­cial form in use, low-value items is use, work in-progress, finished products, deferred expenses, settlements with workers and employees for uniform.

Kazakhstan railways are operated by jSc “National Company” Kazakhstan Temir Zholy” (founder is the Republic of Kazakhstan Government).

JSC “National Company” Kazakhstan Temir Zholy” is a national railway company which provides maintenance and operation of mainline railway network and providing services of mainline railway network, freight traffic by railways.

JSC “National Company” Kazakhstan Temir Zholy” includes the following companies: JAC “Locomotiv”

JSC “Kazzheldormet”

JSC “Locomotive Service Center”

JSC “Kaztransservice”

JSC “Kedentransservice”

JSC “Center transportnogo servicf”

JSC ‘Transtelecom”

JSC “Voenizirovannaya zheleznodorozhnaya okhrana”

JSC “Temirzholsu”

JSC “ Temirzholzhylu”

JSC “Passazhirskie perevozki”

JSC “Lesozashita”

Railway branch of Kazakhstan is a highly efficient, dynamically developing sector which operational and technical and potential is constantly increasing during the last terms and provides employment for over 140 000 people [Annual financial statements of JSC “NC “KTZh” for 2008] According to basic parameters of technical equipment of railway (total working mileage, electrified track mileage, freight car fleet) and transpor­tation services (freight turnover, passenger turnover, cargo loading) Kazakhstan takes the third place among the former USSR countries - Table 1.